Lighten Taxes, Secure Trade Routes, Promote Commercial Business and Support Agriculture
降低关税，使商家有利可图；剪除盗贼，保障道路安全；促进商贸流通；宽免农民赋税徭役。这是春秋时期晋文公最早采取的改革措施，为历代所称道。其主旨在于鼓励农商，发展生产，促进人、财、物的跨区域流通，加速社会财富的增长。其现代意义在于提示人们努力建设开放、通达、共赢的经济秩序。
From taxes and trails to trade and tillage — this line encompasses a set of progressive reforms introduced by Duke Wen of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period that continue to resonate through history. By curtailing tax burdens for trade, keeping trade routes free from bandits and robbers, and alleviating taxes and corvee for peasants, the duke sought to energize farming and trade sectors, fuel production, and encourage the trans-regional flow of people, goods, and wealth, thereby amplifying societal prosperity. The modern relevance of this policy underscores the enduring value of creating an economic system that is open, accessible, and promotes mutual benefit.
引例 Citation：
◎轻关易道，通商宽农。懋穑劝分，省用足财。利器明德，以厚民性。（《国语·晋语四》）
晋文公减轻关税，整治道路，便利通商，宽免农民赋税徭役。鼓励百姓从事农耕，提倡互通有无，节省国用开支，积累财富。改进百工器具，宣扬德教，用来培养民众的淳厚德性。
Duke Wen of Jin thereupon went about lightening taxes, securing trade routes, promoting commercial business, and supporting agriculture. He inspired his people to engage in farming and advocated for the sharing of resources, while simultaneously reducing state expenditure to accrue greater riches. Tools and craftsmanship were refined and perfected, and moral teachings resonated through the air, enriching the moral fiber of the people. (Discourses on Governance of the States)
推荐：教育部 国家语委
供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社
责任编辑：钱耐安
