Being Quiet and Reticent
指清静无为、沉默寡言的外表。它多是长期专注于探索高深、玄远、新奇问题的人所特有的神态、行为方式等。在南朝刘勰（465？—520？或532？）的《文心雕龙·隐秀》中，它特指蕴含深远意义、深沉情感而又平淡朴实的文字，或指于平淡朴实的文字中蕴含不同寻常的思想感情的风格。后来由此演变为一种类似于西方文论中“冰山原则”“零度介入”的写作方式，追求一种表面看来波澜不惊实则蕴含丰富、回味悠长的审美效果。
This concept is about the quiet and reticent demeanor of people who are preoccupied with exploring profound, esoteric and novel issues. In The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons, written by Liu Xie (465?-520? or 532?) in the Southern Dynasties, it refers to writings with profound meaning and deep emotion but are expressed in a plain, simple, unpretentious and unadorned way. Also it refers to a style of similar kind. Later, this concept evolved into a writing style of pursuing an aesthetic effect that appears plain but is rich and evocative, similar to the writing style of iceberg principle and zero intervention in Western literature.
引例 Citations：
◎且人君以玄默为神，澹泊为德，今乐远出以露威灵，数（shuò）摇动以罢（pí）车甲，本非人主之急务也。（扬雄《长杨赋（并序）》）
况且，君主本应保持清静无为的精神状态，坚守淡泊的德行，而像现在这样因为爱好远游、显露声威，屡屡兴师动众而使车骑兵士疲劳困倦，这本不是君主着急要做的事情。
Moreover, the monarch should have maintained a pure and inactive state of mind and held fast to the virtue of quietness. But as it is now, because of the hobby of traveling far and showing off his status, the monarch makes charioteers and horses tired and weary, which is really not a matter of urgency for him to do. (Yang Xiong: "Changyang Rhapsody" with a Preface)
◎夫立意之士，务欲造奇，每驰心于玄默之表；工辞之人，必欲臻美，恒溺思于佳丽之乡。（刘勰《文心雕龙·隐秀》）
那立意深远的人，务求有新奇的构思，常在沉静寡言的外表下掩藏着奔驰的思绪；工于言辞的人，一定想要达到完美的境界，经常沉浸在辞藻华丽处反复琢磨。
Those who are profound in thinking often seek to explore new ideas; therefore, under the appearance of quietness and reticence they often have galloping thoughts. And those who are skilled in rhetoric often aim to achieve perfection, so they often immerse themselves in ornate oratory. (Liu Xie: The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons)
推荐：教育部 国家语委
供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社
责任编辑：钱耐安
