统类 Universal Principles
统括分别之物的法则。这一术语出自《荀子》。荀子认为，通过对事物的分类区别以及对不同类别事物的把握，圣人可以获得统括天下事物的普遍法则。“统类”保证了不同类别的事物在统一的秩序之中获得安顿与规范，同时也可以将新出现的事物纳入既有的秩序中来。
First proposed in the book Xunzi, this term refers to fundamental principles which apply to different things. It means that by differentiating things according to their categories and by understanding these categories, a sage could acquire universal principles which apply to all things. By following universal principles, one can ensure that different categories of things can all find their proper places within a unified order. At the same time, new things can also be integrated into the existing order.
引例 Citations：
◎倚物怪变，所未尝闻也，所未尝见也，卒然起一方，则举统类而应之。（《荀子·儒效》）
怪异事物和诡异变化，如果从来没有听说过，从来没有见到过，突然于某处出现，那么可以通过统括事物类别的法则来应对。
If strange things and developments which have never been heard of or seen before suddenly appear, they can be dealt with by applying universal principles. (Xunzi)
◎多言则文而类，终日议其所以，言之千举万变，其统类一也：是圣人之知也。（《荀子·性恶》）
言论虽多但有文采而且条理分类清晰，整日议论的都是其立论的依据，他的言语虽千变万化，但其统括事物类别的法则是唯一的：这就是圣人的认知。
His statements are many but they are always graceful and proper, and his classification is clear. Everyday, he expounded on his views. Though he expressed his beliefs in many ways, he is always guided by universal principles that apply to all things: this is how a sage observes the world. (Xunzi)
推荐：教育部 国家语委
供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社
责任编辑：钱耐安
