五伦 The Five Bonds
五种人与人的关系及其规范，亦称“人伦”。中国古人认为，父子、君臣、夫妇、长幼（兄弟姐妹）、朋友这五种关系是最基本的人与人之间的关系，每种关系须遵循相应的规范，如“父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别，长幼有序，朋友有信”，处理好这五种关系是治理好国家社会的基础。它体现了中国人以人为本、注重秩序的精神。
Also known as the five human relationships, these refer to the relationships between father and son, between monarch and minister, between husband and wife, between siblings, and between friends. Ancient Chinese people believed that these were the most basic relationships between people. Each relationship had to follow the corresponding norms. Namely, between father and son, there should be affection; between sovereign and minister, righteousness; between husband and wife, attention to their separate roles; between siblings, a proper order; and between friends, honor and trust. It was held that balancing these five relationships was the basis for governing the country and society, and that they showed Chinese culture as people-orientated, with an emphasis on good order.
引例 Citations：
◎人之有道也，饱食、暖衣、逸居而无教，则近于禽兽。圣人有忧之，使契（xiè）为司徒，教以人伦：父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别，长幼有序，朋友有信。（《孟子·滕文公上》）
人之所以为人，吃得饱，穿得暖，住得安逸，如果没有教养，那就和禽兽差不多了。圣人为此而担忧，派契做司徒，教育百姓分辨不同的人与人之间的关系，遵循相应的规范：父子之间有骨肉之亲，君臣之间有公正之道，夫妻之间有内外之别，老少之间有尊卑之序，朋友之间有诚信之德。
People possess a moral nature. If they are well fed, warmly clad, and comfortably lodged, yet left untaught, they would be no better than beasts. Such was the concern of the sage Shun that he appointed Xie to be the minister of instruction, to teach interpersonal relationships and the corresponding norms: between father and son, there should be affection; between sovereign and minister, righteousness; between husband and wife, attention to their separate roles; between old and young, a proper order; and between friends, honor and trust. (Mencius)
◎自虞廷立五伦为教，然后天下有大经。（王永彬《围炉夜话》）
自从虞舜朝廷确立“五伦”为教化的内容，天下才有了可以遵循的基本法则。
Only since Emperor Shun taught the five interpersonal relationships, have there been basic norms to follow throughout the land. (Wang Yongbin: Night Talks Round the Hearth)
推荐：教育部 国家语委
供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社
责任编辑：钱耐安
