贤人  Xianren (Person of Integrity)

贤德之人。“贤人”是古人所推崇的理想人格之一。“贤人”能够践行并维护人伦生活的各种规则，其言行被作为人伦生活的典范。不过，不同学派对于“贤人”之德的具体内涵会有不同的理解。儒家所言“贤人”，即能够践行仁义等道德，是为政的重要人才。而墨家所言“贤人”，则要能够使治下的百姓以“兼爱”作为根本的行事原则。此外，如道家等学派则认为对“贤人”的推崇会导致无谓的纷争，不利于社会的治理。

A person of integrity is one with the ideal character championed by the ancient Chinese. A person of integrity practices and observes all the ethical rules and standards in life, and his behavior is revered as the model for such a way of life. However, different schools of thought have different understanding as to what qualities a person of integrity should have. To Confucian scholars, a person of integrity practices moral virtues such as benevolence and righteousness and is considered competent for being an official. Mohists, however, believe a person of integrity should see that those under his governance practice universal love as their fundamental moral guidance. Still others, such as Daoist scholars, argue that exalting a person of integrity would lead to unnecessary controversy and would thus be detrimental to governance.

引例 Citations：

◎子曰：“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。”（《论语·里仁》）

孔子说：“遇见有德才的人，就要想着努力向他看齐；遇见德才不好的人，就要在内心反省自己（是否有同样的缺点）。”

Confucius said, "When you see a person of integrity, you should emulate him; when you see an indecent person, you should reflect on your own shortcomings." (The Analects)

◎夫尚贤者，政之本也。（《墨子·尚贤上》）

崇尚有德才的人，是为政的根本。

Respecting a person of integrity is fundamental to governance. (Mozi)

推荐：教育部 国家语委

供稿：北京外国语大学 外语教学与研究出版社

责任编辑：钱耐安